Welcome to UPNURSINGNOTES, your trusted companion for nursing exam preparation! 💉📘
In this post, we’re diving deep into Child Health Nursing Unit 2 – “The Healthy Child”, an essential topic for BSc Nursing, GNM, and competitive nursing exams.
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This section focuses on growth and development, factors affecting child health, and major developmental theories by Freud, Erikson, Piaget, and Kohlberg — all presented in MCQ format with answers and clear explanations.
By practicing these 100 Multiple Choice Questions (Part 1), you’ll:
- Strengthen your understanding of growth and developmental milestones,
- Revise key nursing concepts related to child psychology,
- and prepare confidently for your upcoming nursing exams.
Whether you’re a student nurse, educator, or preparing for competitive nursing exams (AIIMS, NORCET, RRB, ESIC, State PSCs, etc.), these MCQs will help you learn smarter, not harder! 🧠✨
💡 Child Health Nursing – Unit 2: The Healthy Child (1–100 MCQs)
(Below are 100 well-explained MCQs covering Growth, Development, Factors, and Theories — perfect for quick revision and self-assessment.)
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Part 1 (A): MCQs 1–50
Section I – Definition & Principles of Growth and Development
Q1. Growth refers to:a) Increase in size and mass of body tissues
b) Increase in functional ability
c) Qualitative changes in behavior
d) Social adjustment
✅ Answer: a) Increase in size and mass of body tissues
👉 Explanation: Growth is quantitative, measurable in cm/kg. Development is qualitative (skills, function).
Q2. Development is best described as:
a) Increase in body weight
b) Increase in body height
c) Gradual unfolding of characteristics & skills
d) Changes in nutrition
✅ Answer: c) Gradual unfolding of characteristics & skills
👉 Explanation: Development is progressive functional and behavioral maturation.
a) Increase in body weight
b) Increase in body height
c) Gradual unfolding of characteristics & skills
d) Changes in nutrition
✅ Answer: c) Gradual unfolding of characteristics & skills
👉 Explanation: Development is progressive functional and behavioral maturation.
Q3. Which of the following is NOT a principle of growth and development?
a) It is continuous and orderly
b) It proceeds cephalocaudal and proximodistal
c) It occurs at the same rate for all children
d) It is influenced by heredity and environment
✅ Answer: c) It occurs at the same rate for all children
👉 Explanation: Growth rate varies; some children grow faster/slower.
a) It is continuous and orderly
b) It proceeds cephalocaudal and proximodistal
c) It occurs at the same rate for all children
d) It is influenced by heredity and environment
✅ Answer: c) It occurs at the same rate for all children
👉 Explanation: Growth rate varies; some children grow faster/slower.
Q4. Cephalocaudal principle means:
a) Growth proceeds from center to periphery
b) Growth proceeds from head to toe
c) Growth proceeds from fine motor to gross motor
d) Growth is unpredictable
✅ Answer: b) Growth proceeds from head to toe
👉 Explanation: Infants gain head control before trunk, then legs.
a) Growth proceeds from center to periphery
b) Growth proceeds from head to toe
c) Growth proceeds from fine motor to gross motor
d) Growth is unpredictable
✅ Answer: b) Growth proceeds from head to toe
👉 Explanation: Infants gain head control before trunk, then legs.
Q5. Proximodistal principle means:
a) Growth proceeds from head to toe
b) Growth proceeds from center of body to outward
c) Growth starts with fine skills first
d) Growth is same for all
✅ Answer: b) Growth proceeds from center of body to outward
👉 Explanation: Infants use shoulders/arms before hands/fingers.
a) Growth proceeds from head to toe
b) Growth proceeds from center of body to outward
c) Growth starts with fine skills first
d) Growth is same for all
✅ Answer: b) Growth proceeds from center of body to outward
👉 Explanation: Infants use shoulders/arms before hands/fingers.
Q6. Which of the following is a correct principle?
a) Growth is qualitative, development is quantitative
b) Development is reversible
c) Growth and development are interrelated
d) Growth continues throughout life
✅ Answer: c) Growth and development are interrelated
👉 Explanation: Growth (size) supports development (skills).
a) Growth is qualitative, development is quantitative
b) Development is reversible
c) Growth and development are interrelated
d) Growth continues throughout life
✅ Answer: c) Growth and development are interrelated
👉 Explanation: Growth (size) supports development (skills).
Q7. Growth stops at:
a) Birth
b) Puberty
c) Adulthood
d) Old age
✅ Answer: c) Adulthood
👉 Explanation: Linear growth stops after adolescence; cellular repair continues lifelong.
a) Birth
b) Puberty
c) Adulthood
d) Old age
✅ Answer: c) Adulthood
👉 Explanation: Linear growth stops after adolescence; cellular repair continues lifelong.
Q8. Critical periods in development refer to:
a) Times when growth is fastest
b) Periods when environment has maximum effect
c) Times when child is unresponsive to environment
d) Times when growth ceases
✅ Answer: b) Periods when environment has maximum effect
👉 Explanation: Example: first 5 years – brain development highly sensitive.
a) Times when growth is fastest
b) Periods when environment has maximum effect
c) Times when child is unresponsive to environment
d) Times when growth ceases
✅ Answer: b) Periods when environment has maximum effect
👉 Explanation: Example: first 5 years – brain development highly sensitive.
Q9. A 6-month-old infant can sit with support. This is an example of:
a) Growth
b) Development
c) Both growth and development
d) Neither
✅ Answer: b) Development
👉 Explanation: Sitting ability reflects neuromuscular maturation, not body size.
a) Growth
b) Development
c) Both growth and development
d) Neither
✅ Answer: b) Development
👉 Explanation: Sitting ability reflects neuromuscular maturation, not body size.
Q10. Head circumference is used to measure:
a) Physical growth only
b) Development only
c) Both growth and development
d) Nutritional intake
✅ Answer: a) Physical growth only
👉 Explanation: HC measures brain/skull growth quantitatively.
a) Physical growth only
b) Development only
c) Both growth and development
d) Nutritional intake
✅ Answer: a) Physical growth only
👉 Explanation: HC measures brain/skull growth quantitatively.
Section II – Factors Affecting Growth and Development
Q11. Which of the following is a genetic factor affecting growth?a) Malnutrition
b) Congenital anomalies
c) Socioeconomic status
d) Emotional neglect
✅ Answer: b) Congenital anomalies
👉 Explanation: Congenital anomalies are genetically determined.
Q12. Nutrition mainly affects:
a) Hereditary traits
b) Physical growth
c) Emotional development
d) None of the above
✅ Answer: b) Physical growth
👉 Explanation: Adequate calories/proteins are essential for weight/height.
a) Hereditary traits
b) Physical growth
c) Emotional development
d) None of the above
✅ Answer: b) Physical growth
👉 Explanation: Adequate calories/proteins are essential for weight/height.
Q13. Which is an environmental factor influencing growth?
a) Endocrine disorder
b) Maternal illness in pregnancy
c) Climate and seasonal variation
d) Genetic mutation
✅ Answer: c) Climate and seasonal variation
👉 Explanation: Environment (temperature, altitude, season) impacts metabolism and growth.
a) Endocrine disorder
b) Maternal illness in pregnancy
c) Climate and seasonal variation
d) Genetic mutation
✅ Answer: c) Climate and seasonal variation
👉 Explanation: Environment (temperature, altitude, season) impacts metabolism and growth.
Q14. Emotional deprivation in children commonly leads to:
a) Obesity
b) Failure to thrive
c) Precocious puberty
d) Accelerated growth
✅ Answer: b) Failure to thrive
👉 Explanation: Emotional neglect affects hypothalamic regulation → poor growth.
a) Obesity
b) Failure to thrive
c) Precocious puberty
d) Accelerated growth
✅ Answer: b) Failure to thrive
👉 Explanation: Emotional neglect affects hypothalamic regulation → poor growth.
Q15. Growth hormone deficiency affects:
a) Cognitive development
b) Physical growth
c) Emotional development
d) Immunity only
✅ Answer: b) Physical growth
👉 Explanation: GH regulates bone/cartilage growth; deficiency → dwarfism.
a) Cognitive development
b) Physical growth
c) Emotional development
d) Immunity only
✅ Answer: b) Physical growth
👉 Explanation: GH regulates bone/cartilage growth; deficiency → dwarfism.
Q16. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with:
a) Macrosomia
b) Low birth weight
c) Precocious puberty
d) Tall stature
✅ Answer: b) Low birth weight
👉 Explanation: Nicotine causes placental vasoconstriction → poor fetal growth.
a) Macrosomia
b) Low birth weight
c) Precocious puberty
d) Tall stature
✅ Answer: b) Low birth weight
👉 Explanation: Nicotine causes placental vasoconstriction → poor fetal growth.
Q17. Which factor most influences adolescent growth spurt?
a) Nutritional status
b) Hormonal changes
c) Exercise
d) Environment
✅ Answer: b) Hormonal changes
👉 Explanation: Pubertal hormones (GH, sex steroids) drive growth spurt.
a) Nutritional status
b) Hormonal changes
c) Exercise
d) Environment
✅ Answer: b) Hormonal changes
👉 Explanation: Pubertal hormones (GH, sex steroids) drive growth spurt.
Q18. A child born to diabetic mother is most likely:
a) Small for gestational age
b) Large for gestational age
c) Microcephalic
d) Failure to thrive
✅ Answer: b) Large for gestational age
👉 Explanation: Maternal hyperglycemia → fetal hyperinsulinemia → macrosomia.
a) Small for gestational age
b) Large for gestational age
c) Microcephalic
d) Failure to thrive
✅ Answer: b) Large for gestational age
👉 Explanation: Maternal hyperglycemia → fetal hyperinsulinemia → macrosomia.
Q19. Protein-energy malnutrition during early childhood leads to:
a) Tall stature
b) Reduced brain development
c) Hyperactivity
d) None
✅ Answer: b) Reduced brain development
👉 Explanation: Malnutrition impairs myelination, synaptic growth.
b) Reduced brain development
c) Hyperactivity
d) None
✅ Answer: b) Reduced brain development
👉 Explanation: Malnutrition impairs myelination, synaptic growth.
Q20. Most rapid growth occurs during:
a) Prenatal & infancy
b) School age
c) Adolescence
d) Adulthood
✅ Answer: a) Prenatal & infancy
👉 Explanation: Brain doubles in size by 1 year; fastest growth.
a) 2.0 kg
b) 2.5–3.0 kg
c) 3.5–4.0 kg
d) 4.5 kg
✅ Answer: b) 2.5–3.0 kg
👉 Explanation: Normal birth weight in India is ~2.8 kg.
a) Prenatal & infancy
b) School age
c) Adolescence
d) Adulthood
✅ Answer: a) Prenatal & infancy
👉 Explanation: Brain doubles in size by 1 year; fastest growth.
Section III – Growth & Development: Birth to Adolescence
Q21. Average birth weight of an Indian newborn:a) 2.0 kg
b) 2.5–3.0 kg
c) 3.5–4.0 kg
d) 4.5 kg
✅ Answer: b) 2.5–3.0 kg
👉 Explanation: Normal birth weight in India is ~2.8 kg.
Q22. A term baby doubles birth weight by:
a) 3 months
b) 5 months
c) 9 months
d) 12 months
✅ Answer: b) 5 months
👉 Explanation: Weight doubles at 5 months, triples at 1 year.
a) 3 months
b) 5 months
c) 9 months
d) 12 months
✅ Answer: b) 5 months
👉 Explanation: Weight doubles at 5 months, triples at 1 year.
Q23. Birth length increases by 50% at:
a) 6 months
b) 12 months
c) 2 years
d) 5 years
✅ Answer: b) 12 months
👉 Explanation: Birth length increases 50% by 1 year.
a) 6 months
b) 12 months
c) 2 years
d) 5 years
✅ Answer: b) 12 months
👉 Explanation: Birth length increases 50% by 1 year.
Q24. At what age does head circumference equal chest circumference?
a) At birth
b) 6 months
c) 12 months
d) 2 years
✅ Answer: c) 12 months
👉 Explanation: At 1 year, head and chest circumference are nearly equal (~46 cm).
a) At birth
b) 6 months
c) 12 months
d) 2 years
✅ Answer: c) 12 months
👉 Explanation: At 1 year, head and chest circumference are nearly equal (~46 cm).
Q25. Fontanel closure: anterior fontanel normally closes by:
a) 2–3 months
b) 6 months
c) 12–18 months
d) 24 months
✅ Answer: c) 12–18 months
👉 Explanation: Posterior fontanel closes at 6–8 weeks, anterior at 12–18 months.
a) 2–3 months
b) 6 months
c) 12–18 months
d) 24 months
✅ Answer: c) 12–18 months
👉 Explanation: Posterior fontanel closes at 6–8 weeks, anterior at 12–18 months.
Q26. Social smile appears at:
a) 2 weeks
b) 6 weeks
c) 3 months
d) 6 months
✅ Answer: b) 6 weeks
👉 Explanation: First sign of social development.
a) 2 weeks
b) 6 weeks
c) 3 months
d) 6 months
✅ Answer: b) 6 weeks
👉 Explanation: First sign of social development.
Q27. By what age can an infant sit without support?
a) 4 months
b) 6 months
c) 8 months
d) 10 months
✅ Answer: c) 8 months
👉 Explanation: At 6 months → sits with support; 8 months → without support.
a) 4 months
b) 6 months
c) 8 months
d) 10 months
✅ Answer: c) 8 months
👉 Explanation: At 6 months → sits with support; 8 months → without support.
Q28. Walking without support usually develops by:
a) 9 months
b) 12 months
c) 18 months
d) 24 months
✅ Answer: b) 12 months
👉 Explanation: Most babies walk independently at 1 year.
a) 9 months
b) 12 months
c) 18 months
d) 24 months
✅ Answer: b) 12 months
👉 Explanation: Most babies walk independently at 1 year.
Q29. A 2-year-old child’s expected vocabulary is:
a) 5–10 words
b) 50 words
c) 200–300 words
d) 1000 words
✅ Answer: c) 200–300 words
👉 Explanation: By 2 years, child speaks in 2-word sentences.
a) 5–10 words
b) 50 words
c) 200–300 words
d) 1000 words
✅ Answer: c) 200–300 words
👉 Explanation: By 2 years, child speaks in 2-word sentences.
Q30. Toilet training (sphincter control) is usually possible by:
a) 12 months
b) 18 months
c) 2–3 years
d) 5 years
✅ Answer: c) 2–3 years
👉 Explanation: Myelination of spinal cord allows bladder/bowel control.
a) 12 months
b) 18 months
c) 2–3 years
d) 5 years
✅ Answer: c) 2–3 years
👉 Explanation: Myelination of spinal cord allows bladder/bowel control.
Q31. Permanent teeth eruption begins at:
a) 2 years
b) 4 years
c) 6 years
d) 12 years
✅ Answer: c) 6 years
👉 Explanation: First permanent molars erupt at ~6 years.
a) 2 years
b) 4 years
c) 6 years
d) 12 years
✅ Answer: c) 6 years
👉 Explanation: First permanent molars erupt at ~6 years.
Q32. Growth spurt in girls occurs:
a) Before menarche
b) After menarche
c) At birth
d) During adulthood
✅ Answer: a) Before menarche
👉 Explanation: Girls grow rapidly 1–2 years before menstruation.
a) Before menarche
b) After menarche
c) At birth
d) During adulthood
✅ Answer: a) Before menarche
👉 Explanation: Girls grow rapidly 1–2 years before menstruation.
Q33. Pubertal growth spurt is earlier in:
a) Boys
b) Girls
c) Both same
d) None
✅ Answer: b) Girls
👉 Explanation: Girls mature ~2 years earlier than boys.
a) Boys
b) Girls
c) Both same
d) None
✅ Answer: b) Girls
👉 Explanation: Girls mature ~2 years earlier than boys.
Q34. Average age for menarche in India:
a) 10 years
b) 12–13 years
c) 15 years
d) 18 years
✅ Answer: b) 12–13 years
👉 Explanation: Current average ~12.5 years.
a) 10 years
b) 12–13 years
c) 15 years
d) 18 years
✅ Answer: b) 12–13 years
👉 Explanation: Current average ~12.5 years.
Q35. Which milestone is achieved last?
a) Crawling
b) Sitting
c) Standing with support
d) Running
✅ Answer: d) Running
👉 Explanation: Running appears ~2 years.
a) Crawling
b) Sitting
c) Standing with support
d) Running
✅ Answer: d) Running
👉 Explanation: Running appears ~2 years.
Q36. Pincer grasp develops at:
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 9 months
d) 18 months
✅ Answer: c) 9 months
👉 Explanation: Thumb-index finger opposition develops ~9 months.
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 9 months
d) 18 months
✅ Answer: c) 9 months
👉 Explanation: Thumb-index finger opposition develops ~9 months.
Q37. By age 5 years, a child can:
a) Hop on one foot
b) Use sentences with 2 words
c) Scribble only
d) Cannot dress self
✅ Answer: a) Hop on one foot
👉 Explanation: Motor skill milestone at 5 years.
a) Hop on one foot
b) Use sentences with 2 words
c) Scribble only
d) Cannot dress self
✅ Answer: a) Hop on one foot
👉 Explanation: Motor skill milestone at 5 years.
Q38. A 4-year-old presents with unclear speech. Expected vocabulary at this age:
a) 100 words
b) 400–500 words
c) 1000–1500 words
d) 2000 words
✅ Answer: c) 1000–1500 words
👉 Explanation: By 4 years, speech is clear with long sentences.
a) 100 words
b) 400–500 words
c) 1000–1500 words
d) 2000 words
✅ Answer: c) 1000–1500 words
👉 Explanation: By 4 years, speech is clear with long sentences.
Q39. Which of the following is a red flag sign in development?
a) Not sitting by 8 months
b) Not walking by 15 months
c) No single words by 12 months
d) No social smile by 3 months
✅ Answer: d) No social smile by 3 months
👉 Explanation: Absence → possible developmental delay/autism.
a) Not sitting by 8 months
b) Not walking by 15 months
c) No single words by 12 months
d) No social smile by 3 months
✅ Answer: d) No social smile by 3 months
👉 Explanation: Absence → possible developmental delay/autism.
Q40. Peak bone mass is attained at:
a) Infancy
b) Childhood
c) Adolescence
d) Early adulthood
✅ Answer: d) Early adulthood
👉 Explanation: Bone mineral density peaks at 25–30 years.
a) Normal development
b) Developmental delay
c) Precocious development
d) Emotional problem
✅ Answer: b) Developmental delay
👉 Explanation: Should sit without support by 8 months.
a) Infancy
b) Childhood
c) Adolescence
d) Early adulthood
✅ Answer: d) Early adulthood
👉 Explanation: Bone mineral density peaks at 25–30 years.
Section IV – Clinical & Case-Based
Q41. A 9-month-old infant cannot sit without support. This indicates:a) Normal development
b) Developmental delay
c) Precocious development
d) Emotional problem
✅ Answer: b) Developmental delay
👉 Explanation: Should sit without support by 8 months.
Q42. A mother complains her 18-month-old child has not started walking. Your advice:
a) Normal, wait until 2 years
b) Refer for developmental assessment
c) Start physiotherapy immediately
d) Give vitamins only
✅ Answer: b) Refer for developmental assessment
👉 Explanation: Not walking by 18 months → abnormal.
a) Normal, wait until 2 years
b) Refer for developmental assessment
c) Start physiotherapy immediately
d) Give vitamins only
✅ Answer: b) Refer for developmental assessment
👉 Explanation: Not walking by 18 months → abnormal.
Q43. A 5-year-old is unable to dress without help. This is:
a) Normal milestone
b) Mild delay
c) Severe delay
d) Expected at adolescence
✅ Answer: b) Mild delay
👉 Explanation: By 4–5 years, dressing self is expected.
a) Normal milestone
b) Mild delay
c) Severe delay
d) Expected at adolescence
✅ Answer: b) Mild delay
👉 Explanation: By 4–5 years, dressing self is expected.
Q44. A 6-year-old boy has weight 12 kg. Interpretation?
a) Normal
b) Underweight
c) Obese
d) Overweight
✅ Answer: b) Underweight
👉 Explanation: Expected weight at 6 years = Age × 2 + 8 = 20 kg.
a) Normal
b) Underweight
c) Obese
d) Overweight
✅ Answer: b) Underweight
👉 Explanation: Expected weight at 6 years = Age × 2 + 8 = 20 kg.
Q45. A 10-year-old girl has not shown breast development. Most likely:
a) Normal
b) Precocious puberty
c) Delayed puberty
d) Early menarche
✅ Answer: c) Delayed puberty
👉 Explanation: Breast buds should appear by 8–10 years.
a) Normal
b) Precocious puberty
c) Delayed puberty
d) Early menarche
✅ Answer: c) Delayed puberty
👉 Explanation: Breast buds should appear by 8–10 years.
Q46. BMI for age is best used to assess:
a) Infants <6 months
b) Preschool children
c) School-age & adolescents
d) All ages
✅ Answer: c) School-age & adolescents
👉 Explanation: BMI-for-age charts assess obesity/thinness.
a) Infants <6 months
b) Preschool children
c) School-age & adolescents
d) All ages
✅ Answer: c) School-age & adolescents
👉 Explanation: BMI-for-age charts assess obesity/thinness.
Q47. A 14-year-old boy has not attained testicular enlargement. Diagnosis:
a) Normal
b) Precocious puberty
c) Delayed puberty
d) Malnutrition
✅ Answer: c) Delayed puberty
👉 Explanation: Puberty in boys begins with testicular growth at 9–14 years.
a) Normal
b) Precocious puberty
c) Delayed puberty
d) Malnutrition
✅ Answer: c) Delayed puberty
👉 Explanation: Puberty in boys begins with testicular growth at 9–14 years.
Q48. WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for:
a) 2 months
b) 4 months
c) 6 months
d) 12 months
✅ Answer: c) 6 months
👉 Explanation: Exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.
a) 2 months
b) 4 months
c) 6 months
d) 12 months
✅ Answer: c) 6 months
👉 Explanation: Exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.
Q49. A baby was born weighing 3 kg. Expected weight at 1 year is:
a) 4.5 kg
b) 6 kg
c) 9 kg
d) 12 kg
✅ Answer: d) 12 kg
👉 Explanation: Weight triples at 1 year (3 × 3).
a) 4.5 kg
b) 6 kg
c) 9 kg
d) 12 kg
✅ Answer: d) 12 kg
👉 Explanation: Weight triples at 1 year (3 × 3).
Q50. A 7-year-old’s expected weight is:
a) 12 kg
b) 16 kg
c) 22 kg
d) 30 kg
✅ Answer: c) 22 kg
👉 Explanation: Formula: Weight (kg) = Age × 2 + 8 → (7 × 2 + 8 = 22).
a) Oral stage
b) Anal stage
c) Phallic stage
d) Latency stage
✅ Answer: a) Oral stage
👉 Explanation: Birth–1 year, major source of pleasure is mouth (sucking, feeding).
a) 12 kg
b) 16 kg
c) 22 kg
d) 30 kg
✅ Answer: c) 22 kg
👉 Explanation: Formula: Weight (kg) = Age × 2 + 8 → (7 × 2 + 8 = 22).
Part-1 (B): MCQs 51–100
Section I – Freud’s Psychosexual Theory
Q51. According to Freud, the first stage of psychosexual development is:a) Oral stage
b) Anal stage
c) Phallic stage
d) Latency stage
✅ Answer: a) Oral stage
👉 Explanation: Birth–1 year, major source of pleasure is mouth (sucking, feeding).
Q52. Freud’s anal stage occurs during:
a) Infancy
b) Toddlerhood (1–3 years)
c) Preschool (3–6 years)
d) Adolescence
✅ Answer: b) Toddlerhood (1–3 years)
👉 Explanation: Toilet training; focus on control and elimination.
b) Toddlerhood (1–3 years)
c) Preschool (3–6 years)
d) Adolescence
✅ Answer: b) Toddlerhood (1–3 years)
👉 Explanation: Toilet training; focus on control and elimination.
Q53. Oedipus complex occurs in which stage?
a) Oral
b) Anal
c) Phallic
d) Latency
✅ Answer: c) Phallic
👉 Explanation: 3–6 years; attraction toward opposite-sex parent.
a) Oral
b) Anal
c) Phallic
d) Latency
✅ Answer: c) Phallic
👉 Explanation: 3–6 years; attraction toward opposite-sex parent.
Q54. Latency stage is characterized by:
a) Sexual energy directed toward opposite sex
b) Dormant sexual interest, focus on peer relationships
c) Oral pleasure
d) Elimination control
✅ Answer: b) Dormant sexual interest, focus on peer relationships
👉 Explanation: Age 6–12 years; learning, same-sex friendships dominate.
a) Sexual energy directed toward opposite sex
b) Dormant sexual interest, focus on peer relationships
c) Oral pleasure
d) Elimination control
✅ Answer: b) Dormant sexual interest, focus on peer relationships
👉 Explanation: Age 6–12 years; learning, same-sex friendships dominate.
Q55. Freud’s genital stage occurs at:
a) Infancy
b) Childhood
c) Adolescence
d) Adulthood
✅ Answer: c) Adolescence
👉 Explanation: Puberty onward; reawakening of sexual impulses.
a) Infancy
b) Childhood
c) Adolescence
d) Adulthood
✅ Answer: c) Adolescence
👉 Explanation: Puberty onward; reawakening of sexual impulses.
Q56. Which stage, if fixation occurs, may lead to nail-biting or smoking habits?
a) Oral
b) Anal
c) Phallic
d) Latency
✅ Answer: a) Oral
👉 Explanation: Oral fixation → habits involving mouth.
a) Oral
b) Anal
c) Phallic
d) Latency
✅ Answer: a) Oral
👉 Explanation: Oral fixation → habits involving mouth.
Q57. Anal-retentive personality (obsessive, stingy) arises from fixation in:
a) Oral stage
b) Anal stage
c) Latency stage
d) Genital stage
✅ Answer: b) Anal stage
👉 Explanation: Excessive control during toilet training.
a) Oral stage
b) Anal stage
c) Latency stage
d) Genital stage
✅ Answer: b) Anal stage
👉 Explanation: Excessive control during toilet training.
Q58. Which Freud stage corresponds with preschool child (3–6 years)?
a) Oral
b) Anal
c) Phallic
d) Latency
✅ Answer: c) Phallic
a) Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
b) Trust vs. mistrust
c) Initiative vs. guilt
d) Identity vs. role confusion
✅ Answer: b) Trust vs. mistrust
👉 Explanation: Birth–1 year; consistent care builds trust.
a) Oral
b) Anal
c) Phallic
d) Latency
✅ Answer: c) Phallic
Section II – Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
Q59. Erikson’s first stage is:a) Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
b) Trust vs. mistrust
c) Initiative vs. guilt
d) Identity vs. role confusion
✅ Answer: b) Trust vs. mistrust
👉 Explanation: Birth–1 year; consistent care builds trust.
Q60. Toddler (1–3 years) is in which Erikson stage?
a) Initiative vs. guilt
b) Industry vs. inferiority
c) Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
d) Identity vs. role confusion
✅ Answer: c) Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
👉 Explanation: Independence develops with toilet training & choices.
a) Initiative vs. guilt
b) Industry vs. inferiority
c) Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
d) Identity vs. role confusion
✅ Answer: c) Autonomy vs. shame & doubt
👉 Explanation: Independence develops with toilet training & choices.
Q61. Initiative vs. guilt corresponds to which age group?
a) Infancy
b) Toddler
c) Preschool
d) Adolescence
✅ Answer: c) Preschool (3–6 years)
👉 Explanation: Child begins planning, taking initiatives, role play.
a) Infancy
b) Toddler
c) Preschool
d) Adolescence
✅ Answer: c) Preschool (3–6 years)
👉 Explanation: Child begins planning, taking initiatives, role play.
Q62. School-age children (6–12 years) face:
a) Identity vs. role confusion
b) Industry vs. inferiority
c) Autonomy vs. shame
d) Trust vs. mistrust
✅ Answer: b) Industry vs. inferiority
👉 Explanation: Focus on learning, achievement, peer approval.
a) Identity vs. role confusion
b) Industry vs. inferiority
c) Autonomy vs. shame
d) Trust vs. mistrust
✅ Answer: b) Industry vs. inferiority
👉 Explanation: Focus on learning, achievement, peer approval.
Q63. Adolescence stage (12–18 years) in Erikson’s theory:
a) Initiative vs. guilt
b) Autonomy vs. shame
c) Identity vs. role confusion
d) Integrity vs. despair
✅ Answer: c) Identity vs. role confusion
👉 Explanation: Adolescents seek personal identity.
a) Initiative vs. guilt
b) Autonomy vs. shame
c) Identity vs. role confusion
d) Integrity vs. despair
✅ Answer: c) Identity vs. role confusion
👉 Explanation: Adolescents seek personal identity.
Q64. If a child fails at industry vs. inferiority stage, likely outcome:
a) Guilt
b) Inferiority complex
c) Role confusion
d) Shame
✅ Answer: b) Inferiority complex
a) Guilt
b) Inferiority complex
c) Role confusion
d) Shame
✅ Answer: b) Inferiority complex
Q65. Erikson’s final stage (old age) is:
a) Intimacy vs. isolation
b) Generativity vs. stagnation
c) Integrity vs. despair
d) Trust vs. mistrust
✅ Answer: c) Integrity vs. despair
👉 Explanation: Reflection on life; acceptance vs. regret.
a) Intimacy vs. isolation
b) Generativity vs. stagnation
c) Integrity vs. despair
d) Trust vs. mistrust
✅ Answer: c) Integrity vs. despair
👉 Explanation: Reflection on life; acceptance vs. regret.
Q66. A 2-year-old insisting on feeding self is demonstrating:
a) Trust
b) Autonomy
c) Initiative
d) Identity
✅ Answer: b) Autonomy
a) Trust
b) Autonomy
c) Initiative
d) Identity
✅ Answer: b) Autonomy
Q67. Initiative vs. guilt failure leads to:
a) Fear of trying new things
b) Overconfidence
c) Creativity
d) Independence
✅ Answer: a) Fear of trying new things
a) Fear of trying new things
b) Overconfidence
c) Creativity
d) Independence
✅ Answer: a) Fear of trying new things
Q68. Peer group becomes most important in which Erikson stage?
a) Industry vs. inferiority
b) Trust vs. mistrust
c) Initiative vs. guilt
d) Integrity vs. despair
✅ Answer: a) Industry vs. inferiority
a) Preoperational
b) Sensorimotor
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: b) Sensorimotor (birth–2 years)
a) Industry vs. inferiority
b) Trust vs. mistrust
c) Initiative vs. guilt
d) Integrity vs. despair
✅ Answer: a) Industry vs. inferiority
Section III – Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
Q69. Piaget’s first stage of cognitive development is:a) Preoperational
b) Sensorimotor
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: b) Sensorimotor (birth–2 years)
Q70. Object permanence develops at:
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 8–9 months
d) 18 months
✅ Answer: c) 8–9 months
👉 Explanation: Child realizes objects exist even when not seen.
a) 3 months
b) 6 months
c) 8–9 months
d) 18 months
✅ Answer: c) 8–9 months
👉 Explanation: Child realizes objects exist even when not seen.
Q71. Preoperational stage spans:
a) Birth–2 years
b) 2–7 years
c) 7–11 years
d) 12+ years
✅ Answer: b) 2–7 years
👉 Explanation: Egocentrism, symbolic play, language explosion.
a) Birth–2 years
b) 2–7 years
c) 7–11 years
d) 12+ years
✅ Answer: b) 2–7 years
👉 Explanation: Egocentrism, symbolic play, language explosion.
Q72. Egocentrism is characteristic of:
a) Sensorimotor stage
b) Preoperational stage
c) Concrete operational stage
d) Formal operational stage
✅ Answer: b) Preoperational stage
a) Sensorimotor stage
b) Preoperational stage
c) Concrete operational stage
d) Formal operational stage
✅ Answer: b) Preoperational stage
Q73. Conservation of mass/volume develops in:
a) Preoperational
b) Sensorimotor
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: c) Concrete operational (7–11 years)
a) Preoperational
b) Sensorimotor
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: c) Concrete operational (7–11 years)
Q74. A child understands abstract concepts in which Piaget stage?
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: d) Formal operational (12+ years)
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: d) Formal operational (12+ years)
Q75. Symbolic play is typical of:
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: b) Preoperational
Q76. Reversibility of thought is seen in:
a) Preoperational
b) Concrete operational
c) Sensorimotor
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: b) Concrete operational
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: b) Preoperational
Q76. Reversibility of thought is seen in:
a) Preoperational
b) Concrete operational
c) Sensorimotor
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: b) Concrete operational
Q77. Adolescents demonstrate hypothetical reasoning in:
a) Concrete operational
b) Preoperational
c) Formal operational
d) Sensorimotor
✅ Answer: c) Formal operational
a) Concrete operational
b) Preoperational
c) Formal operational
d) Sensorimotor
✅ Answer: c) Formal operational
Q78. A 5-year-old believes the moon follows them. This is:
a) Conservation
b) Animism
c) Egocentrism
d) Object permanence
✅ Answer: c) Egocentrism
a) Conservation
b) Animism
c) Egocentrism
d) Object permanence
✅ Answer: c) Egocentrism
Q79. A toddler pretending to talk on a toy phone shows:
a) Animism
b) Symbolic play
c) Abstract thought
d) Conservation
✅ Answer: b) Symbolic play
a) Animism
b) Symbolic play
c) Abstract thought
d) Conservation
✅ Answer: b) Symbolic play
Q80. Piaget’s theory mainly explains:
a) Cognitive development
b) Emotional development
c) Social development
d) Moral development
✅ Answer: a) Cognitive development
a) Preconventional
b) Conventional
c) Postconventional
d) Intuitive
✅ Answer: a) Preconventiona
a) Cognitive development
b) Emotional development
c) Social development
d) Moral development
✅ Answer: a) Cognitive development
Section IV – Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory
Q81. Kohlberg’s first level of moral reasoning is:a) Preconventional
b) Conventional
c) Postconventional
d) Intuitive
✅ Answer: a) Preconventiona
Q82. At preconventional level, moral decisions are based on:
a) Social rules
b) Punishment and reward
c) Universal ethics
d) Internal principles
✅ Answer: b) Punishment and reward
b) Punishment and reward
c) Universal ethics
d) Internal principles
✅ Answer: b) Punishment and reward
Q83. Conventional morality focuses on:
a) Obeying parents only
b) Social approval & law order
c) Self-interest
d) Fear of punishment
✅ Answer: b) Social approval & law order
a) Obeying parents only
b) Social approval & law order
c) Self-interest
d) Fear of punishment
✅ Answer: b) Social approval & law order
Q84. Postconventional morality is based on:
a) Rewards
b) Punishment
c) Universal ethical principles
d) Peer pressure
✅ Answer: c) Universal ethical principles
a) Rewards
b) Punishment
c) Universal ethical principles
d) Peer pressure
✅ Answer: c) Universal ethical principles
Q85. A 5-year-old avoids lying because he fears punishment. This reflects:
a) Conventional
b) Postconventional
c) Preconventional
d) Moral relativity
✅ Answer: c) Preconventional
a) Conventional
b) Postconventional
c) Preconventional
d) Moral relativity
✅ Answer: c) Preconventional
Q86. A 10-year-old follows school rules to please teacher. This is:
a) Stage 1 – obedience
b) Stage 2 – self-interest
c) Stage 3 – interpersonal accord
d) Stage 4 – law & order
✅ Answer: c) Stage 3 – interpersonal accord
a) Stage 1 – obedience
b) Stage 2 – self-interest
c) Stage 3 – interpersonal accord
d) Stage 4 – law & order
✅ Answer: c) Stage 3 – interpersonal accord
Q87. Stage 4 of Kohlberg’s moral development is:
a) Obedience to avoid punishment
b) Law and order orientation
c) Universal principles
d) Self-interest
✅ Answer: b) Law and order orientation
a) Obedience to avoid punishment
b) Law and order orientation
c) Universal principles
d) Self-interest
✅ Answer: b) Law and order orientation
Q88. Postconventional stage is usually attained at:
a) Childhood
b) Adolescence or adulthood
c) Infancy
d) Never attained by majority
✅ Answer: d) Never attained by majority
👉 Explanation: Few adults reach postconventional reasoning.
a) Childhood
b) Adolescence or adulthood
c) Infancy
d) Never attained by majority
✅ Answer: d) Never attained by majority
👉 Explanation: Few adults reach postconventional reasoning.
Q89. Which theory is Kohlberg’s based upon?
a) Freud’s
b) Erikson’s
c) Piaget’s
d) Pavlov’s
✅ Answer: c) Piaget’s
👉 Explanation: He extended Piaget’s cognitive theory into moral domain.
a) Freud’s
b) Erikson’s
c) Piaget’s
d) Pavlov’s
✅ Answer: c) Piaget’s
👉 Explanation: He extended Piaget’s cognitive theory into moral domain.
Q90. A 15-year-old refuses to cheat in exam because it’s unjust, even if peers approve. This is:
a) Conventional
b) Preconventional
c) Postconventional
d) Egocentric
✅ Answer: c) Postconventional
a) Oral stage issue
b) Anal stage issue
c) Phallic stage issue
d) Latency
✅ Answer: b) Anal stage
a) Conventional
b) Preconventional
c) Postconventional
d) Egocentric
✅ Answer: c) Postconventional
Section V – Clinical & Case-Based
Q91. A 2-year-old refuses toilet training and resists parental control. According to Freud, this is:a) Oral stage issue
b) Anal stage issue
c) Phallic stage issue
d) Latency
✅ Answer: b) Anal stage
Q92. A 4-year-old imitates mother by cooking in toy kitchen. Erikson stage?
a) Trust vs. mistrust
b) Initiative vs. guilt
c) Autonomy vs. shame
d) Industry vs. inferiority
✅ Answer: b) Initiative vs. guilt
a) Trust vs. mistrust
b) Initiative vs. guilt
c) Autonomy vs. shame
d) Industry vs. inferiority
✅ Answer: b) Initiative vs. guilt
Q93. A 7-year-old excels in school projects, seeks teacher approval. Erikson stage?
a) Industry vs. inferiority
b) Autonomy vs. shame
c) Identity vs. role confusion
d) Initiative vs. guilt
✅ Answer: a) Industry vs. inferiority
b) Autonomy vs. shame
c) Identity vs. role confusion
d) Initiative vs. guilt
✅ Answer: a) Industry vs. inferiority
Q94. A teenager experimenting with hairstyles and groups is in which Erikson stage?
a) Initiative vs. guilt
b) Identity vs. role confusion
c) Trust vs. mistrust
d) Autonomy vs. shame
✅ Answer: b) Identity vs. role confusion
a) Initiative vs. guilt
b) Identity vs. role confusion
c) Trust vs. mistrust
d) Autonomy vs. shame
✅ Answer: b) Identity vs. role confusion
Q95. A 6-year-old believes the sun goes home at night. Piaget’s concept?
a) Conservation
b) Egocentrism
c) Animism
d) Symbolism
✅ Answer: c) Animism
a) Conservation
b) Egocentrism
c) Animism
d) Symbolism
✅ Answer: c) Animism
Q96. A child understands “5 + 3 = 8” and “8 – 3 = 5”. Which Piaget stage?
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: c) Concrete operational (reversibility)
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
✅ Answer: c) Concrete operational (reversibility)
Q97. An 8-year-old follows rules because “teacher will scold otherwise.” Kohlberg’s stage?
a) Preconventional
b) Conventional
c) Postconventional
d) None
✅ Answer: a) Preconventional (punishment avoidance)
a) Preconventional
b) Conventional
c) Postconventional
d) None
✅ Answer: a) Preconventional (punishment avoidance)
Q98. A 12-year-old refuses to litter because “it’s against the law.” Kohlberg stage?
a) Stage 1 – obedience
b) Stage 3 – interpersonal accord
c) Stage 4 – law & order
d) Stage 5 – social contract
✅ Answer: c) Stage 4 – law & order
a) Stage 1 – obedience
b) Stage 3 – interpersonal accord
c) Stage 4 – law & order
d) Stage 5 – social contract
✅ Answer: c) Stage 4 – law & order
Q99. A 16-year-old argues against death penalty on basis of human rights. Kohlberg stage?
a) Conventional
b) Preconventional
c) Postconventional
d) Sensorimotor
✅ Answer: c) Postconventional
a) Conventional
b) Preconventional
c) Postconventional
d) Sensorimotor
✅ Answer: c) Postconventional
Q100. A nurse teaching mothers about child psychology mentions Erikson’s theory focuses on:
a) Moral development
b) Emotional and psychosocial development
c) Cognitive development
d) Physical growth
✅ Answer: b) Emotional and psychosocial development
a) Moral development
b) Emotional and psychosocial development
c) Cognitive development
d) Physical growth
✅ Answer: b) Emotional and psychosocial development
More MCQs Practice
👉 [Unit -1 ( Introduction ) Part-1 (MCQs 1–100)]
👉 [Unit-1 Part-2 (MCQs 101–200)]
👉 [Unit-1 Part-3 (MCQs 201–300)]
👉 [Unit-1 Part-4 (MCQs 301–400)]
👉 [More Nursing Notes & Pdf on UP Nursing Notes]
👉 [Unit-1 Part-2 (MCQs 101–200)]
👉 [Unit-1 Part-3 (MCQs 201–300)]
👉 [Unit-1 Part-4 (MCQs 301–400)]
👉 [More Nursing Notes & Pdf on UP Nursing Notes]
🎯 Conclusion
You’ve just completed Part 1 (1–100 MCQs) of Child Health Nursing – Unit 2: The Healthy Child. Great job! 👏
Keep revising regularly — understanding child growth patterns, developmental theories, and milestones will help you answer related questions confidently in any exam.
Stay tuned for Part 2 (MCQs 101–200) where we’ll continue exploring more advanced concepts and clinical applications.
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Keep revising regularly — understanding child growth patterns, developmental theories, and milestones will help you answer related questions confidently in any exam.
Stay tuned for Part 2 (MCQs 101–200) where we’ll continue exploring more advanced concepts and clinical applications.
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